What is a chain stitch
The chain stitch (abbreviation ch) is the most basic crochet stitch — the starting point for almost every crochet project. A row of chain stitches forms the foundation chain, onto which you then work additional stitches. Chain stitches are also used within patterns as spaces, arches, or height replacements for posts.
How to crochet a chain stitch
Step 1: Slip knot
Make a loop with the yarn — cross the tail over the working yarn, pull a loop through with the hook and tighten. You have one loop on the hook — this is your starting point.
Step 2: Chain stitch
Yarn over and pull it through the loop on the hook. One new loop remains on the hook. One chain stitch is complete.
Step 3: Repeat
Repeat step 2 as many times as you need chain stitches. The chain grows — each stitch is a small loop connected to the previous one.
Where chain stitches are used
Foundation chain — the starting row of every crochet project (except magic ring). Number of chain stitches = width of project + turning chain according to the height of the first stitch.
Turning chain — at the beginning of each row you crochet chain stitches as a substitute for the first stitch: 1 ch = single crochet, 2 ch = half double crochet, 3 ch = double crochet, 4 ch = treble crochet.
Chain space — in lace and mesh patterns, chain stitches separate groups of posts and create spaces, arches, and grids.
Picot — a small decorative loop (typically 3 ch + slip stitch into first ch). Used as a decorative edge.
How many chain stitches to cast on
| First stitch in row | Foundation chain | Example (20 stitches) |
|---|---|---|
| Single crochet (sc) | Number of stitches + 1 | 21 ch |
| Half double crochet (hdc) | Number of stitches + 2 | 22 ch |
| Double crochet (dc) | Number of stitches + 3 | 23 ch |
| Treble crochet (tr) | Number of stitches + 4 | 24 ch |
Where to work the first stitch
This is where beginners often get confused. The loop on the hook doesn't count. Work the first single crochet into the second chain from the hook. Work the first double crochet into the fourth chain from the hook — because the first 3 chains replace the height of the stitch.
Common mistakes
Too tight chain — beginners often pull chain stitches too tight. Result: the foundation row is shorter and tighter than the rest of the work. Solution: crochet the chain more loosely or use a hook one size larger, then switch to the correct size.
Twisted chain — with a long chain (blanket, shawl) the chain gets twisted when working the first stitches. Solution: after completing the chain, lay it flat on a surface and check that it's not twisted before starting the first row.
Incorrect counting — the loop on the hook doesn't count as a chain stitch. Count the "V" shapes below the hook — each V is one stitch.
